Monitor Prawniczy
no. 8/2025
Crypto-assets in credit risk management - new data sources, new challenges, new opportunities
DOI: 10.32027/MOP.25.8.6
Autor jest adwokatem, partnerem w kancelarii Rymarz Zdort Maruta kierującym zespołem FinTech i regulacji ICT
Autor jest radcą prawnym, starszym prawnikiem w departamencie technologicznym kancelarii Rymarz Zdort Maruta oraz członek praktyki FinTech i regulacji ICT
Abstract
The article explores the opportunities and limitations of using crypto-assets and on-chain data in credit risk assessment processes from a legal and regulatory perspective. Against the backdrop of blockchain development and the growing importance of decentralized finance (DeFi), the authors examine the potential of crypto-assets as both data sources and collateral instruments within the regulated banking sector. The article discusses the functional classification of crypto-assets under the MiCA regulation and evaluates their suitability in light of prudential regulatory requirements. It further identifies technological and legal challenges related to asset custody, ownership, and enforceability of crypto collaterals. The authors also analyse the potential for integrating crypto-assets into open finance frameworks and the role of EU regulations-MiCA, DORA, TFR, and FIDA-in shaping a transparent and secure legal environment. In conclusion, the article argues that while significant barriers remain, the institutional adoption of crypto-assets may offer meaningful enhancements to modern credit risk management frameworks, especially for users operating outside the traditional banking system.
Keywords
crypto-assets, blockchain, credit risk, on-chain data, collateral, MiCA, DeFi, EU regulations, FIDA, DORA, TFR, credit scoring, self-custody, AML, GDPR
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