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Monitor Prawniczy

nr 18/2018

Odmowa stwierdzenia wykonalności w Niemczech polskiego wyroku w sprawie o ochronę tożsamości narodowej i godności Polaka

DOI: 10.32027/MOP.18.18.5
Teresa Grzeszak
Autorka jest doc. dr w Instytucie Prawa Cywilnego Wydziału Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego.
Abstrakt

W dniu 19.8.2018 r. Federalny Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (Bundesgerichtshof, BGH) wydał postanowienie odmawiające stwierdzenia wykonalności wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego w Krakowie z 22.12.2016 r., w sprawie Karola Tendery przeciwko państwowej rozgłośni telewizyjnej (ZDF) o naruszenie dóbr osobistych.

Summary:

Refusal to find a Polish judgment in a case for protection of national identity and dignity of a Pole enforceable in GermanyOn 19 August 2018, the Federal Court of Justice in Germany issued a decision refusing to find the judgment passed by the Appellate Court in Kraków on 22 December 2016, I ACa 1080/16, in a case concerning infringement of national identity and dignity of a Pole enforceable in Germany. The German court did not examine either whether the Polish court correctly distinguished such personal interests as national identity and dignity of a Pole or their infringement. It examined the contents of a declaration that the defendant had been ordered to make, which was considered as the evaluation of her behaviour rather than a statement of fact. The court found enforced apology for falsifying history, that is for an intentional behaviour, to be against the ordre public rule and violating the constitutional principles of freedom of speech and proportionality. Of crucial importance was the fact that the defendant immediately corrected the ambiguous phrase “Polish death camp” and apologized for the confusion.Key words: personal interests, dignity of a Pole, national identity, enforceability of a Polish judgment abroad, ordre public rule, declaration removing the effects of infringement of a personal interest, apology, “Polish death camps”, negative freedom of speech, control of enforcement and control of the merits of a judgment