Abstract

The article discusses issues related to the definition of the phenomenon of disinformation, both intentional and unintentional, recognition of its actors (conscious and unconscious), as well as the goals and strategies used for spreading disinformation during an election period. Disinformation narratives undermining trust in public institutions have been presented, with particular emphasis on anti-Ukrainian disinformation in 2023. Solutions have been also proposed concerning changes in law and effective communication of threats related to disinformation by public institutions. The article also discusses the issue of Big Tech’s responsibility for spreading disinformation and the potential to enforce changes in the operation of social media.