current issue

Monitor Podatkowy

no. 2/2026

Terms of employment within Estonian CIT - deliberations in the context of the lack of their fulfillment in the first year of the flat-rate taxation

Justyna Skwirowska
Autorka jest doktorem nauk prawnych, wykładowcą na Uniwersytecie SWPS, doradcą podatkowym
Abstract

To opt for taxation under the flat-rate scheme for corporate income, a taxpayer must meet several conditions. One of them is the employment requirement. A taxpayer subject to this regime must employ a specified number of people. What is puzzling in this context (and has extremely significant practical implications) is whether a breach of this condition in the first year will result in the ZAW-RD becoming ineffective, or in the loss of the right to this tax preference at the end of the first year. If the first conclusion were correct, such a taxpayer would incur tax arrears, whereas in the second scenario, there would be no arrears. However, the conclusions drawn from a literal interpretation differ from those arising from a purposive interpretation. This article aims to verify which type of interpretation should be applied in this regard.

Keywords
Estonian CIT condition of employment purposive interpretation literal interpretation